Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot (SIRI 2025)

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 VEB-SAYTLARNI XAVFSIZLIGINI TA'MINLASH USULI Matyoqubov Og‘abek Bahrombek o‘g‘li Muhammad al-Xorazmiy nomidagi TATU Urganch filiali Annotatsiya: Maqolada veb-saytlarning xavfsizligini ta'minlash bo‘yicha umumiy sharh taqdim etilgan. Zamonaviy veb-saytlarning dolzarb xavfsizlik muammolari aniqlangan. Saytlarni himoya qilish tizimini ko‘rib chiqishga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Intensiv so‘rovlarning keng tarqalgan turlari tahlil qilingan. Kalit so‘zlar: veb-saytlarning xavfsizligi, himoya usullari, intensiv so‘rovlar, himoya tizimi, saytlarni himoya qilish. Kirish Texnologiyalarning rivojlanishi natijasida har kuni veb-saytlar, turli veb-ilovalar va shu kabi boshqa resurslar soni oshib bormoqda. Shu sababli, veb-saytlarga bo‘lgan talab ortib, ular muhim resurslar sifatida ko‘riladi. Shuning uchun ko‘plab saytlar uchun xavfsizlikni ta’minlash va barcha resurslarni himoya qilish zarurdir [1]. Veb-sayt xavfsizligini ta’minlash uchun avvalo sayt joylashgan serverning xavfsizligini ta’minlash lozim. Har qanday serverning asosi – bu operatsion tizim. Uning xavfsizligini ta’minlash nisbatan oson: Keraksiz komponentlarni o‘rnatmaslik kerak. Har bir komponent alohida xavf tug‘diradi; ularning soni qancha ko‘p bo‘lsa, xavf ham shuncha oshadi. • Operatsion tizim va dasturlar uchun xavfsizlik yangilanishlarini o‘z vaqtida o‘rnatish lozim. • Antivirusdan foydalaning, avtomatik yangilanish o‘rnatishni yoqing va ularning to‘g‘ri o‘rnatilganligini muntazam tekshirib turish tavsiya qilinadi. • Sayt zararlanishining asosiy sabablari quyidagilardan iborat: • Fayl tizimi yoki CMS uchun login va parolning to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri tanlanishi; Mashhur platformalar – WordPress, Joomla va boshqalardagi shablonlar va plaginlardagi zaifliklar; • Inson omili (tizim administratori yoki xosting egasining beparvoligi, parollarni noto‘g‘ri saqlash yoki ularni uchinchi shaxslarga berish); • Sayt foydalanuvchilari (tasodifan yoki qasddan, foydalanuvchilar saytda zararli kontent qoldirishi mumkin, masalan, fayl yuklab olish yoki havola qo‘shish). • Sayt zararlanishining asosiy sabablarini tahlil qilgan holda, uni oldini olish uchun quyidagi asosiy tavsiyalarni berish mumkin: • Login va parollarni ishonchli saqlash; • Fayllarni zaxiralashni amalga oshirish; • Xavfsiz FTP ulanishidan foydalanish; 181

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot • Ishonchli dasturiy ta’minotdan foydalanish; • CMS va server dasturiy ta’minotini yangilab turish; • Sayt xavfsizligini muntazam tekshirib borish. Sayt xavfsizligi muammolari trafikning pasayishiga olib keladi. Internetda saytlarning sekin ishlashi bilan bog‘liq muammolar mavjud bo‘lib, bu ularga tez-tez murojaat qilinishi natijasida yuzaga keladi. Ushbu muammo yuqori tashrifga ega yirik portallarni ham, kam tashrif qilinadigan kichik saytlarni ham qamrab olishi mumkin, chunki tashriflar kam bo‘lsa ham, sayt yuqori yuklama ostida qolishi ehtimoli mavjud [2]. Natijada saytning ishlashi sezilarli darajada sekinlashishi yoki u umuman ishlamay qolishi mumkin. Sayt yuklamasini samarali ravishda kamaytiradigan himoya tizimini tanlash va ishlab chiqish uchun intensiv so‘rovlarning keng tarqalgan turlarini tahlil qilish zarur. Intensiv so‘rovlar – bu qisqa vaqt ichida foydalanuvchilar tomonidan saytdagi turli sahifalarga yuboriladigan tasodifiy (masalan, sahifani tez-tez yangilash) yoki zararli (flood) ko‘plab so‘rovlar. Quyida intensiv so‘rovlarning keng tarqalgan turlari va ulardan saytni himoya qilish usullari keltirilgan: 1. • 2. • Tasodifiy intensiv so‘rovlar Bir foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan so‘rovlar orasiga vaqt oralig‘i o‘rnatish. Foydalanuvchi parollarini tanlash Bir foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan so‘rovlar orasiga vaqt oralig‘i o‘rnatish; Bir necha marta ketma-ket noto‘g‘ri avtorizatsiya urinishlari aniqlanganda foydalanuvchi hisobini vaqtinchalik bloklash; • • Foydalanuvchilarga o‘z parollarini vaqti-vaqti bilan o‘zgartirish majburiyatini yuklash. 3. Foydalanuvchilarning flood hujumlari • Bir foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan xabarlar orasiga vaqt oralig‘i o‘rnatish; • Bir foydalanuvchi tomonidan mutlaqo bir xil xabarlarning yuborilishini taqiqlash; • Xabar yuborish imkoniyatini faqat ro‘yxatdan o‘tgan foydalanuvchilarga berish. 4. Xizmatni rad etish hujumi (DoS/DDoS) • Bir foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan so‘rovlar orasiga vaqt oralig‘i o‘rnatish; Saytga doimiy ravishda so‘rovlar yuborayotgan foydalanuvchilarning IPmanzillarini bloklash. • 5. Saytni qidiruv tizimi robotlari tomonidan indekslash • robots.txt faylida sayt sahifalarini yuklash uchun vaqt oralig‘ini belgilash; • sitemap.xml fayliga sahifani yangilanish chastotasi va oxirgi o‘zgartirish sanasi haqidagi ma’lumotlarni kiritish. Xulosa Yuqorida aytib o‘tilganlarni tahlil qilib, intensiv so‘rovlarga qarshi kurashishning eng samarali usuli – bir foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan turli so‘rovlar orasiga vaqt oralig‘ini o‘rnatish ekanligini aytish mumkin. Ushbu yondashuv saytdagi sahifalarga intensiv so‘rovlar 182

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 yaratilishini sezilarli darajada sekinlashtiradi va oddiy foydalanuvchilar uchun jiddiy noqulayliklar tug‘dirmaydi. Foydalanuvchini identifikatsiya qilishda asosiy urg‘u IP-manzilga qaratiladi, chunki cookie-fayllarni osongina o‘chirib tashlash mumkin. Shu bilan birga, ayrim IP-manzillarga (masalan, sayt administratorining IP-manziliga) cheklovlar qo‘yilmasligi kerak. Zararli foydalanuvchilarning IP-manzillari esa bloklanib, “qora ro‘yxat”ga kiritilishi lozim. Saytni intensiv so‘rovlardan himoya qilish uchun murakkab va qimmat tizimlardan foydalanish maqsadga muvofiq emas, chunki ular qimmatligi, sozlashdagi murakkabliklari va yuqori resurs talabi tufayli samarasiz bo‘lishi mumkin. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, ushbu himoya usulini PHP skriptlari yordamida amalga oshirish maqsadga muvofiqdir. Ish davomida intensiv so‘rovlardan himoya qilish uchun PHP skriptga asoslangan tizim ishlab chiqildi. Ushbu skriptdan foydalanish sayt sahifalarining barcha turlarini intensiv so‘rovlardan himoya qilishni ta’minlaydi va veb-server uskunasiga tushadigan yukni kamaytiradi. Bunday skriptni yaratishning afzalliklari shundaki, u arzon, foydalanishda oson va samarali bo‘ladi. Adabiyotlar 1. Алешин И.В. Информационно-безопасные системы. Анализ проблемы. – СПб.: Изд-во СПбГТУ, 1996. 2. Арсентьев М.В. К вопросу о понятии «информационная безопасность». // Информационное общество. – 1997. – № 4-6. 3. Владимирова Т.В. Информационная безопасность: к методологическим основаниям анализа вопроса. // Информационное общество. – 2012. – № 5. 4. Расторгуев С.П. Основы информационной безопасности / Учеб. пособие для студ. высших учебных заведений. – М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2009. 192 с. 183

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot TEXNOLOGIK TARAQQIYOTNING QIYINCHILIKLARI: SUN’IY INTELLEKT VA RAQAMLI DUNYO MUAMMOLARI Jo‘rayeva Feruza, Toshbadalova Sevinch Shahrisabz davlat pedagogika instituti, feruzajorayevaasila@mail.ru, toshbadalovasevinch568@gmail.com Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellekt va raqamli texnologiyalar taraqqiyotining asosiy muammolari va ularning yechimlari tahlil qilinadi. Shaxsiy ma’lumotlar xavfsizligi, deepfake texnologiyalarining noto‘g‘ri qo‘llanilishi, kiberxavfsizlik tahdidlari va avtomatlashtirish natijasida ish o‘rinlarining kamayishi kabi muammolar muhokama qilinadi. Muallif ushbu tahdidlarga qarshi kurashish uchun maxfiylikni himoya qilish, algoritmlarning shaffofligini ta’minlash va kiberxavfsizlik choralarini kuchaytirish zarurligini ta’kidlaydi. Kalit so‘zlar: Sun’iy intellekt, raqamli texnologiyalar, ma’lumotlar xavfsizligi, deepfake, kiberxavfsizlik, algoritmlar shaffofligi, avtomatlashtirish, shaxsiy ma’lumotlar, texnologik taraqqiyot, raqamli xavf-xatarlar. Kirish Zamonaviy texnologik taraqqiyot inson hayotini tubdan o‘zgartirib, biznes, sog‘liqni saqlash, ta’lim va kundalik hayotga ulkan ta’sir ko‘rsatmoqda. Sun’iy intellekt va raqamli texnologiyalar taraqqiyoti yangi imkoniyatlar eshigini ochgan bo‘lsa-da, ular bilan birga jiddiy muammolarni ham keltirib chiqarmoqda. Ma’lumotlar xavfsizligi, algoritmik adolatsizlik, avtomatlashtirish natijasida ish o‘rinlarining kamayishi kabi masalalar bugungi kunda dolzarb muammolardan biridir. Sun’iy intellekt va avtomatlashtirish ko‘plab sohalarda ish o‘rinlarining qisqarishiga olib kelmoqda. Ishchilarni yangi sharoitlarga moslashtirish va qayta tayyorlash dasturlarini ishlab chiqish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Sun’iy intellekt katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlaydi va bu jarayonda foydalanuvchilarning shaxsiy ma’lumotlari xavf ostida qolishi mumkin. Sun’iy intellekt tizimlari va raqamli dunyo odamlarning shaxsiy ma’lumotlarini yig‘adi. Bu esa maxfiylikni buzish va kiberxavfsizlik tahdidlarini keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Sun’iy intellekt tizimlarining rivojlanishi kiberhujumlar va axborot tizimlarining buzilish xavfini oshiradi, bu esa moliyaviy yo‘qotishlar va tizimlarning ishdan chiqishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Masalan, ijtimoiy tarmoqlardagi maxfiylik muammolari orqali foydalanuvchilarning roziligisiz ma’lumotlar yig‘ilib, foydalanuvchilarni manipulyatsiya qilish maqsadida ishlatilgan. Ovozli yordamchilar foydalanuvchilarning gaplarini yozib olib, ularni serverga uzatishi natijasida shaxsiy suhbatlar xavf ostida qolishi mumkin. Ayniqsa, hozirgi kunda Deepfake texnologiyasi yordamida shaxslarning soxta videolari yoki tovush nusxalari yaratilib, firibgarlik, shantaj va yolg‘on axborot tarqatish uchun ishlatilishi keng tarqalmoqda. Ushbu texnologiya yordamida mashhur shaxslarning yoki oddiy insonlarning soxta bayonotlari tayyorlanib, ularning obro‘siga putur yetkazish yoki noqonuniy maqsadlarda foydalanish holatlari ko‘paymoqda. Masalan, ayrim hollarda deepfake texnologiyasidan moliyaviy firibgarlikda foydalanilib, 184

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 rahbar yoki davlat arboblarining tovush nusxalari yoki videolari orqali kompaniyalardan katta miqdorda mablag‘ o‘tkazishga ruxsat olingan. Bundan tashqari, soxta kontent orqali ijtimoiy tarmoqlarda noto‘g‘ri axborot tarqatilib, jamoatchilik fikriga ta’sir ko‘rsatish hollari ham uchrab turibdi. Ushbu xavfni kamaytirish uchun deepfake aniqlash texnologiyalarini rivojlantirish, ommaviy axborot vositalarida faktlarni tekshirish tizimlarini kuchaytirish va foydalanuvchilarni ushbu tahdidlardan ogoh qilish muhim hisoblanadi. Bundan tashqari, yuzni aniqlash tizimlari shaxsiy hayot daxlsizligiga tahdid solishi, sun’iy intellekt asosida kredit yoki boshqa qarorlar qabul qilish tizimlari esa noto‘g‘ri yoki diskriminatsion natijalarga olib kelishi mumkin. Ushbu xavflarni kamaytirish uchun ma’lumotlarni shifrlash, foydalanuvchilarga o‘z ma’lumotlari ustidan ko‘proq nazorat berish hamda sun’iy intellekt algoritmlarining shaffofligini ta’minlash muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. 1-rasm. Turli tahdidlar. Shaxsiy ma’lumotlarning noqonuniy foydalanilishining oldini olish uchun maxfiylik sozlamalarini yaxshilash va foydalanuvchilarga o‘z ma’lumotlari ustidan nazorat berish kerak. Masalan, ijtimoiy tarmoqlarda maxfiylik sozlamalarini to‘g‘ri o‘rnatish, shuningdek, saytlarda va mobil ilovalarda “cookies” va kuzatuv funksiyalarini cheklash shaxsiy ma’lumotlarning tarqalishining oldini oladi. Foydalanuvchilar sun’iy intellekt asosida yuzaga keladigan tahdidlardan himoyalanish uchun o‘zlari ham ehtiyot choralarini ko‘rishlari kerak. Ikki faktorli autentifikatsiya ishlatish, noma’lum manbalardan kelgan havolalarni bosmaslik, va shubhali fayllarni yuklab olmaslik kabi oddiy choralarga rioya qilish, hisoblarni buzilishdan saqlaydi. Shuningdek, raqamli texnologiyalar bo‘yicha bilim va xabardorlikni oshirish ham kiberxavfsizlikni ta’minlashga yordam beradi. 185

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot Hukumat va xususiy kompaniyalar sun’iy intellekt bilan bog‘liq tahdidlarni kamaytirish uchun kiberxavfsizlik strategiyalarini kuchaytirishi zarur. Buning uchun kompaniyalar ma’lumotlarni saqlashda ilg‘or xavfsizlik protokollaridan foydalanishi, davlat esa kiberjinoyatlarga qarshi qonunlarni kuchaytirishi va sun’iy intellekt bilan bog‘liq maxsus qonunlarni ishlab chiqishi lozim. Bundan tashqari, deepfake va soxta ma’lumotlarni aniqlash uchun AI texnologiyalarini rivojlantirish ham muhim. Xulosa Sun’iy intellekt va raqamli texnologiyalar zamonaviy jamiyat uchun ulkan imkoniyatlar yaratmoqda, biroq ular bilan birga muhim muammolar ham yuzaga kelmoqda. Shaxsiy ma’lumotlarning xavfsizligi, deepfake texnologiyalarining noto‘g‘ri qo‘llanilishi, kiberxavfsizlik tahdidlari va ish o‘rinlarining kamayishi kabi masalalar bugungi kunda dolzarb hisoblanadi. Buni oldini olish uchun jamiyatni Sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarini o‘rganishga va ulardan qanday foydalanishni tushunishga rag‘batlantirish, bu orqali ishchilarning yangi sharoitlarga moslashishini ta’minlash. Ushbu muammolarni hal qilish uchun texnologiyalarning shaffofligini ta’minlash, kiberxavfsizlik choralarini kuchaytirish, maxfiylik siyosatini takomillashtirish, sun’iy intellekt tizimlarining axloqiy va huquqiy jihatlarini tartibga soluvchi qonun va me’yorlarni ishlab chiqish hamda foydalanuvchilarni xabardor qilish muhimdir. Shaxsiy ma'lumotlarning maxfiyligini ta’minlash uchun ma'lumotlarni himoya qilish texnologiyalarini qo‘llash va tegishli qonunlarga rioya qilish. Texnologik taraqqiyotning ijobiy jihatlaridan samarali foydalanish va uning salbiy oqibatlarini kamaytirish uchun ehtiyotkor yondashuv talab etiladi. Agar sun’iy intellekt va raqamli texnologiyalar adolatli, xavfsiz va foydali tarzda rivojlantirilsa, ular kelajakda jamiyatga yanada katta foyda keltirishi mumkin. Adabiyotlar 1. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W. W. Norton & Company. 2. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2020). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Pearson. 3. Ford, M. (2015). Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future. Basic Books. 4. Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2016). Deep Learning. MIT Press. 5. Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. PublicAffairs. 186

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 SUN’IY INTELLEKTNING TA’LIM SOHASIGA TA’SIRI VA YANGI IMKONIYATLAR Nuraddin Gʻafforov, Johongir o‘rinboyev RT va SI-ni rivojlantirish ilmiy-tadqiqot instituti, mrgaffarov28@gmail.comб jahongir8010@gmail.com Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasiga ta’siri va uning yangi imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining ta’lim jarayoniga integratsiyalashuvi ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish, shaxsiylashtirilgan ta’lim usullarini joriy etish va avtomatlashtirilgan baholash tizimlarini ishlab chiqishga imkon yaratadi. Shuningdek, maqolada ushbu texnologiyalarni tatbiq etishda yuzaga keladigan asosiy muammolar va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘llari muhokama qilinadi. Kalit so‘zlar. Sun’iy intellekt, ta’lim texnologiyalari, shaxsiylashtirilgan o‘qitish, avtomatlashtirilgan baholash, aqlli ta’lim tizimlari, o‘qitishning raqamli usullari, ta’lim innovatsiyalari. Kirish. Bugungi kunda sun’iy intellekt (SI) texnologiyalari turli sohalarda, jumladan, ta’lim tizimida ham keng qo‘llanilmoqda [1]. Zamonaviy ta’lim jarayoni faqatgina an’anaviy usullarga tayanib qolmay, balki yangi raqamli texnologiyalar bilan boyitilmoqda. Sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasiga integratsiyalashuvi o‘quv jarayonlarini avtomatlashtirish, individual yondashuvlarni shakllantirish va ta’lim sifatini oshirish imkonini beradi [2]. Mazkur mavzu dolzarbligi shundaki, SI ta’lim jarayoniga kirib kelishi bilan an’anaviy usullar ham o‘zgarib bormoqda. Virtual o‘qituvchilar, aqlli baholash tizimlari va moslashtirilgan ta’lim dasturlari ta’lim samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qilmoqda [3]. Shu bilan birga, sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasidagi roli, imkoniyatlari va ushbu texnologiyaning joriy etilishida yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan muammolar keng muhokama qilinmoqda. Asosiy muammo shundaki, SI asosida ta’lim tizimini takomillashtirish jarayoni hali to‘liq o‘zlashtirilmagan. Bunda o‘qituvchilar va o‘quvchilarning texnologiyalarga moslashuvi, texnologik infratuzilmaning yetarliligi va axborot xavfsizligi kabi masalalar dolzarb hisoblanadi. Bundan tashqari, sun’iy intellekt ta’lim tizimida inson omilining o‘rnini qanday to‘ldira olishi va o‘qituvchilarni qo‘llab-quvvatlashi bo‘yicha ham turli yondashuvlar mavjud. Mazkur maqolada sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasiga ta’siri va yangi imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinib, uning afzalliklari va ehtimoliy muammolari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, ushbu texnologiyalarni joriy etish bo‘yicha ilg‘or tajribalar va istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar haqida ham fikr yuritiladi. Adabiyotlar tahlili. Sun’iy intellekt va ta’lim integratsiyasi bo‘yicha olib borilgan tadqiqotlar ushbu texnologiyaning ta’lim sifatini oshirishdagi rolini ko‘rsatib bermoqda [4]. Ilmiy manbalarda sun’iy intellektning ta’lim jarayonidagi o‘rni, ta’lim jarayonlarini avtomatlashtirish, individual o‘qitish yondashuvlari va o‘qituvchilarni qo‘llab-quvvatlash kabi jihatlar atroflicha yoritilgan [5]. 187

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot Asosiy tushunchalar orasida sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasida qo‘llanilishi, mashinali o‘rganish, tabiiy tilni qayta ishlash (NLP), intellektual o‘quv tizimlari va moslashtirilgan ta’lim modullari kabilar mavjud. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, SI asosidagi o‘quv dasturlari o‘quvchilarning individual qobiliyatlariga moslashgan holda ta’lim jarayonini samarali tashkil etishga yordam beradi [6]. Oldingi tadqiqotlar sun’iy intellektning ta’lim tizimiga joriy etilishi bilan bog‘liq ijobiy va salbiy jihatlarni yoritadi. Ba’zi tadqiqotlar SI texnologiyalarining ta’lim sifatiga ijobiy ta’sirini ta’kidlagan bo‘lsa, boshqalari inson omili yetishmovchiligi, texnologik infratuzilma va axborot xavfsizligi muammolariga e’tibor qaratgan. Shuningdek, SI asosidagi ta’lim tizimlarining rivojlanishi va ularning samaradorligini oshirish bo‘yicha ham tadqiqotlar olib borilgan [7]. Misol uchun, interaktiv o‘quv platformalari, aqlli baholash tizimlari va shaxsiylashtirilgan ta’lim dasturlari bo‘yicha qilingan ilmiy ishlar SI texnologiyalarining kelajakda qanday rivojlanishi mumkinligini ko‘rsatadi. Ushbu bo‘limda keltirilgan adabiyotlar tahlili sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasidagi imkoniyatlari va muammolarini yanada chuqurroq o‘rganish imkonini beradi. Asosiy qism. Sun’iy intellekt ta’lim jarayonlariga integratsiyalashuvi orqali ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish masalasi muhim hisoblanadi. Bu masala o‘quvchilarning individual ehtiyojlarini inobatga oluvchi moslashtirilgan ta’lim tizimlarini ishlab chiqish, avtomatlashtirilgan baholash tizimlarini joriy etish va ta’lim jarayonlarini yanada interaktiv qilish bilan bog‘liq. Biroq, ushbu texnologiyalarning to‘g‘ri ishlashi uchun ularni sinchkovlik bilan tahlil qilish va samaradorligini baholash talab etiladi. Sun’iy intellekt yordamida ta’lim sifatini oshirish jarayonida quyidagi muhim masalalar yuzaga chiqadi: 1. Shaxsiylashtirilgan ta’lim tizimini yaratish: Har bir o‘quvchining individual xususiyatlari va o‘zlashtirish darajasiga moslashtirilgan ta’lim uslublarini ishlab chiqish. 2. o‘qitish jarayonini avtomatlashtirish: Aqlli baholash tizimlari va interaktiv o‘quv platformalaridan foydalanib, o‘quv jarayonini yengillashtirish va samaradorligini oshirish. 3. Sun’iy intellektning o‘qituvchilarga yordamchi sifatida ishlashi: o‘qituvchilarga dars rejalashtirish, o‘quv materiallarini tahlil qilish va o‘quvchilar natijalarini kuzatishda sun’iy intellektdan foydalanish imkoniyatlarini o‘rganish. 4. Texnologik infratuzilmani rivojlantirish: Sun’iy intellektning samarali ishlashi uchun yetarli darajadagi texnologik infratuzilmani yaratish va uni ta’lim tizimiga integratsiya qilish. 5. Axborot xavfsizligi va maxfiylik: Sun’iy intellektga asoslangan ta’lim tizimlarida o‘quvchilarning shaxsiy ma’lumotlarini himoya qilish va axborot xavfsizligini ta’minlash. Ushbu tadqiqotda sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasiga ta’sirini o‘rganish uchun tahliliy va eksperimental usullardan foydalaniladi. Ilmiy adabiyotlarni o‘rganish orqali mavjud texnologiyalar va ularning ta’limdagi qo‘llanilishi tahlil qilinadi [8]. Shuningdek, mavjud ta’lim platformalarida sun’iy intellektning samaradorligi amaliy tajribalar orqali baholanadi [9]. Ta’lim jarayonida sun’iy intellektdan foydalanishning ijobiy va salbiy jihatlarini aniqlash 188

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 maqsadida statistik tahlil va foydalanuvchilarning fikr-mulohazalari o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari asosida sun’iy intellektni ta’lim sohasiga samarali joriy etish bo‘yicha takliflar ishlab chiqiladi. Taklif etilayotgan yechish usullari va natijalar. Sun’iy intellektning ta’lim sohasiga tatbiq etilishida yuzaga keladigan muammolarni bartaraf etish uchun quyidagi yechimlar taklif etiladi. Birinchidan, shaxsiylashtirilgan o‘qitish tizimlarini yaratish orqali har bir o‘quvchining ehtiyojlariga mos ta’lim uslublari ishlab chiqilishi mumkin. Bu sun’iy intellektning individual yondashuv imkoniyatlarini kengaytiradi va o‘quv jarayonining samaradorligini oshiradi. Ikkinchidan, ta’lim jarayonini avtomatlashtirish va aqlli baholash tizimlarini rivojlantirish orqali o‘quvchilarning bilim darajasi aniqroq tahlil qilinadi. Bu esa ta’lim jarayonida inson omilining kamayishi, lekin sifatning oshishiga xizmat qiladi. Sun’iy intellekt asosidagi baholash tizimlari shaffoflik va aniqlikni ta’minlab, o‘qituvchilarga yuklamani kamaytiradi. Uchinchidan, sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarini o‘qituvchilar uchun yordamchi sifatida integratsiya qilish tavsiya etiladi. Bu pedagoglarning dars rejalashtirish, o‘quv jarayonini nazorat qilish va o‘quvchilarning natijalarini tahlil qilish jarayonlarini osonlashtiradi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalari ta’lim tizimiga joriy etilganda ta’lim sifati oshib, o‘quvchilarning o‘zlashtirish darajasi yaxshilanadi. Shu bilan birga, texnologik infratuzilmani rivojlantirish va axborot xavfsizligini ta’minlash bo‘yicha aniq strategiyalar ishlab chiqilishi zarur. Ushbu yondashuvlar kelajakda ta’lim tizimining yanada samarali bo‘lishini ta’minlaydi. Xulosa. Sun’iy intellekt ta’lim sohasida yangi imkoniyatlar yaratib, o‘quv jarayonining samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qilmoqda. Uning yordamida shaxsiylashtirilgan ta’lim tizimlari, aqlli baholash mexanizmlari va interaktiv o‘quv muhitlari rivojlanmoqda. Biroq, texnologik infratuzilmaning yetarliligi, axborot xavfsizligi va inson omilining o‘rnini to‘ldirish kabi muammolar hanuz dolzarb. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, sun’iy intellektni ta’limga muvaffaqiyatli integratsiya qilish uchun kompleks yondashuv va ilg‘or tajribalarni tatbiq etish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Adabiyotlar 1. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Pearson. 2. Luckin, R. (2018). Machine Learning and Human Intelligence: The Future of Education for the 21st Century. Routledge. 3. Woolf, B. P. (2020). AI in Education: Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning. Cambridge University Press. 4. Holmes, W., & Porayska-Pomsta, K. (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Education: Promises and Challenges. Oxford University Press. 189

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot 5. Selwyn, N. (2019). Should Robots Replace Teachers? AI and the Future of Education. Polity. 6. Zhang, J., & Aslan, S. (2021). “AI-Powered Adaptive Learning Systems: Opportunities and Challenges”. Educational Technology Review, 28(3), 45-62. 7. Ferguson, R. (2018). “Learning Analytics and AI in Education: Towards a Productive Research Agenda”. Journal of Learning Analytics, 5(1), 25-42. 8. Dillenbourg, P. (2019). Orchestration Graphs: Modeling the Complexity of Learning Processes. Springer. 9. Luckin, R., & Cukurova, M. (2021). “Designing AI Systems for Learning”. International Journal of AI in Education, 31(2), 167-182. 190

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS FOR SECURING INFORMATION EXCHANGE BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONS Javohir Karimov University of Management and Future Technologies; karimovjavokhir563@gmail.com Abstract. Ensuring secure information exchange between organizations, particularly governmental institutions, is a crucial challenge in modern cybersecurity. As organizations increasingly rely on digital communication, the risk of data breaches, cyberattacks and unauthorized access continues to rise. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of various cryptographic algorithms used to enhance the confidentiality, integrity and authentication of inter-organizational communication. Specifically, we review and analyze the effectiveness of symmetric encryption (AES, DES), asymmetric encryption (RSA, ECC), hash functions (SHA-256, SHA-3), digital signatures and key exchange protocols (DiffieHellman, ECDH) based on security strength, computational efficiency and real-world applicability. Additionally, we conduct a comparative analysis of these cryptographic methods, identifying trade-offs between performance and security in different use cases. Our findings highlight critical considerations for selecting the most suitable cryptographic techniques to safeguard sensitive organizational data. Furthermore, we explore emerging threats such as quantum computing and side-channel attacks, emphasizing the need for future-proof cryptographic solutions. This research aims to guide organizations in implementing robust security frameworks by providing insights into the strengths and limitations of modern cryptographic approaches. The study contributes to the ongoing efforts in securing digital information exchange, offering practical recommendations for enhancing cybersecurity resilience. Key words: encryption, decryption, hash algorithm, security Introduction In today’s interconnected world, secure information exchange between organizations, particularly governmental institutions, is a fundamental requirement for ensuring data integrity, confidentiality and trust. As digital transformation accelerates, organizations increasingly rely on electronic communication and cloud-based infrastructures to facilitate data exchange. However, the sensitivity of the information transmitted—ranging from personal data to classified government records—makes these systems attractive targets for cybercriminals. Ensuring the security of such communication is essential to prevent data breaches, unauthorized access and cyber threats that can compromise national security, financial stability and public trust. Cybersecurity threats to inter-organizational communication are continuously evolving, with attackers leveraging sophisticated techniques such as man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, data interception, ransomware and advanced persistent threats (APTs). These threats highlight the urgent need for robust security mechanisms that can safeguard data transmission against unauthorized access, tampering and eavesdropping. Traditional security measures, while 191

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot useful, often lack the resilience to counter modern cyberattacks, necessitating the adoption of advanced cryptographic solutions. Cryptographic algorithms provide essential layers of security by ensuring that transmitted data remains confidential, unaltered and accessible only to authorized parties. The core objective of this study is to evaluate and compare different cryptographic algorithms used in securing inter-organizational communication. By analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of symmetric encryption (AES, DES), asymmetric encryption (RSA, ECC), hash functions (SHA-256, SHA-3), digital signatures and key exchange protocols (DiffieHellman, ECDH), this research aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of their effectiveness in securing information exchange. Additionally, we explore the trade-offs between security and computational efficiency, addressing challenges organizations face when implementing cryptographic solutions in real-world scenarios. This paper is structured as follows. The literature review provides an overview of existing research on cryptographic security in data exchange, discussing commonly used cryptographic techniques, their applications and comparative studies on secure communication methods. This section also identifies research gaps and highlights the motivation behind this study. The methodology section outlines the approach used for evaluating cryptographic algorithms, detailing the criteria for comparison, selected tools, frameworks and justification for the chosen algorithms. The section on the evaluation of cryptographic algorithms forms the core of the study, presenting an in-depth analysis of encryption methods. This section also includes a comparative analysis of these cryptographic techniques based on their security performance, computational efficiency and real-world applicability. The results and discussion section presents the findings from comparative analysis, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of different algorithms, explores their suitability for various use cases and examines potential security risks, including the impact of emerging threats such as quantum computing. The conclusion summarizes the key findings, discusses their implications for organizational security and suggests future research directions. Literature Review Ensuring secure communication between organizational units is a critical aspect of modern cybersecurity. Various cryptographic algorithms and protocols have been developed to protect data integrity, confidentiality and authenticity during interorganizational exchanges. A comprehensive review analyzed symmetric encryption algorithms, highlighting the superiority of the Advanced Encryption Standard over the Data Encryption Standard in terms of security and efficiency [1]. Another study provided an overview of cryptographic techniques, discussing their applications and the importance of key management in maintaining security [2]. Public-key cryptography has also been extensively studied, addressing the limitations of symmetric encryption by using key pairs. A review paper emphasized the role of asymmetric techniques such as Rivest-ShamirAdleman and Elliptic Curve Cryptography in securing inter-organizational communication [3]. The evolution of cryptographic algorithms has been examined, with a focus on the development and application of asymmetric methods in securing digital exchanges [4]. Hash functions are crucial for ensuring data integrity during data transmission, with Secure 192

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 Hash Algorithm Two Hundred Fifty-Six and Secure Hash Algorithm Three being widely adopted in secure communication protocols [5]. The Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol enables two parties to securely share a secret key over an insecure channel, providing an essential layer of protection in inter-organizational data exchange [6]. Additionally, password-authenticated key agreement protocols have been introduced to facilitate secure key exchange based on shared passwords, enhancing security in scenarios where public key infrastructures are impractical [7]. The Internet Protocol Security suite has also been widely implemented, utilizing cryptographic algorithms and key exchange methods to establish secure connections between governmental organizations and private sector entities [8]. Distributed key generation mechanisms further strengthen cryptographic security by preventing any single party from gaining complete control over the private key, thereby mitigating the risk of key compromise [9]. The evolution of cryptographic techniques has underscored the necessity of continuously developing new security solutions to address emerging threats, including quantum computing and side-channel attacks [10]. With the rise of cloud computing, cryptographic algorithms play a crucial role in ensuring the security of data in transit and at rest, enabling organizations to protect sensitive information against unauthorized access and data breaches [11]. Several studies have provided in-depth analyses of both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms, discussing their strengths, weaknesses and applicability in securing communication between organizations [12]. Another review highlighted the practical implementation of cryptographic techniques in cloud computing, emphasizing the need for organizations to select appropriate algorithms for securing their infrastructure [13]. The literature indicates that a combination of cryptographic algorithms and protocols is essential for securing inter-organizational communication. The selection of appropriate methods depends on various factors, including security requirements, computational efficiency, and system scalability [14]. Ongoing research and development in cryptographic techniques remain vital to ensuring the robustness of secure communication channels and mitigating emerging cybersecurity risks [15]. Methodology This section outlines the approach used to evaluate the effectiveness of various cryptographic algorithms in securing inter-organizational communication. The study focuses on comparing multiple encryption methods, hash functions and key exchange protocols based on their security strength, computational efficiency and practical applicability. The evaluation is conducted through a structured analysis of cryptographic techniques where each algorithm is assessed in terms of its resistance to known vulnerabilities, processing speed and suitability for different organizational environments. The study does not rely on experimental implementation but instead employs a comparative approach based on existing benchmarks, academic literature and industry reports. By analyzing these factors, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and limitations of each cryptographic approach in securing sensitive data exchanges. The comparison criteria include security robustness, computational efficiency, scalability and real-world applicability. Security robustness is measured by analyzing an 193

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot algorithm’s resistance to attacks such as brute force, cryptanalysis and quantum computing threats. Computational efficiency is assessed by evaluating encryption and decryption speeds, resource consumption and key management overhead. Scalability is examined in terms of how well an algorithm adapts to different data sizes, communication channels and network environments. Finally, real-world applicability considers ease of integration into existing systems and compliance with industry standards. To support comparative analysis, publicly available cryptographic performance reports, cybersecurity research papers and algorithmic efficiency benchmarks are reviewed. Since this study does not implement a new cryptographic scheme but rather evaluates existing ones, primary datasets are not required. Instead, the study utilizes published data from organizations such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology, IEEE and cryptographic research groups. The selection of cryptographic algorithms is based on their widespread adoption and relevance in securing inter-organizational communication. The study includes both symmetric encryption methods such as Advanced Encryption Standard and Blowfish, asymmetric encryption techniques including Rivest-Shamir-Adleman and Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and secure key exchange protocols like Diffie-Hellman and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman. Additionally, hash functions such as Secure Hash Algorithm Two Hundred Fifty-Six and Secure Hash Algorithm Three are analyzed for their role in ensuring data integrity. These algorithms are chosen based on their security strength, computational efficiency and application in government and enterprise-level data protection. Evaluation Of Cryptographic Algorithms Ensuring secure inter-organizational communication requires the careful selection of cryptographic algorithms based on security strength, computational efficiency and practical applicability. Securing inter-organizational communication requires the application of various cryptographic techniques, each addressing different security aspects. Symmetric encryption algorithms such as Advanced Encryption Standard, Data Encryption Standard and Blowfish use a single key for encryption and decryption, offering efficiency but requiring secure key distribution. represent input data. Additionally, digital signatures and key exchange protocols, including Diffie-Hellman and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman, enhance authentication and secure key distribution. The following sections provide an in-depth analysis of these cryptographic techniques, evaluating their strengths, weaknesses and applicability in inter-organizational communication (Figure 1). Figure 1. Selected encryption categories. 194

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 In contrast, asymmetric encryption techniques like Rivest-Shamir-Adleman and Elliptic Curve Cryptography utilize a key pair, ensuring stronger security for authentication and key exchange at the cost of higher computational complexity. Hash functions such as Secure Hash Algorithm Two Hundred Fifty-Six and Secure Hash Algorithm Three play a vital role in data integrity by generating fixed-length hash values that uniquely Symmetric Encryption: AES, DES, Blowfish Symmetric encryption relies on a single secret key for both encryption and decryption, making it computationally efficient but necessitating secure key exchange mechanisms. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is widely recognized as the most secure symmetric encryption algorithm, supporting key sizes of 128-bit, 192-bit, and 256-bit to provide strong resistance against brute-force attacks. AES has become the de facto standard in securing government and enterprise-level communication. Data Encryption Standard (DES), once a dominant encryption algorithm, has largely been replaced due to its 56-bit key length, which is highly vulnerable to modern cryptanalysis techniques. Despite its speed, DES no longer meets contemporary security requirements. Blowfish, an alternative to DES and AES, offers variable key sizes ranging from 32 to 448 bits, making it adaptable to different security needs. Although Blowfish is faster than AES in some applications, its adoption remains limited due to newer and more standardized encryption techniques. Table 1. Comparison of Symmetric Encryption Algorithms Algorithm Key Size Security (bits) Strength Speed Use Cases AES 128, 256 Moderate Government, Enterprise Security DES 56 Weak (obsolete) Fast Legacy Systems Blowfish 32-448 Moderate Small-scale Applications 192, Very Strong Fast Asymmetric Encryption: RSA, ECC Asymmetric encryption utilizes two cryptographically linked keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption, making it highly secure for authentication and key exchange but computationally intensive. Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) is one of the most widely used asymmetric encryption methods, supporting key sizes of 1024, 2048, and 4096 bits. While RSA provides robust security, it requires significant computational power, making it less efficient for resource-constrained environments. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), in contrast, offers the same level of security as RSA but with significantly smaller key sizes, such as 160-bit to 521-bit keys, making it more suitable for mobile devices, Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain applications. 195

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot Table 2. Comparison of Asymmetric Encryption Algorithms Algorithm Key Size (bits) Security Strength Speed Use Cases RSA 1024, 4096 Web Security, Digital Signatures ECC 160-521 2048, Strong (for large Slow keys) Strong efficient RSA) (more than Fast IoT, Mobile Security, Blockchain Hash Functions: SHA-256, SHA-3 Hash functions play a crucial role in cryptographic security by generating fixed-length hash values that uniquely represent input data, ensuring data integrity and verification. Secure Hash Algorithm Two Hundred Fifty-Six (SHA-256) is a widely used hash function that produces a 256-bit hash, making it resistant to collision attacks and a preferred choice for blockchain technology, file integrity verification, and digital signatures. However, SHA-256 is computationally intensive and susceptible to potential quantum computing threats. Secure Hash Algorithm Three (SHA-3) is an improved version designed to provide enhanced security and efficiency. SHA-3 supports multiple output sizes, including 224-bit, 256-bit, 384bit, and 512-bit, making it adaptable to various cryptographic applications. Table 3. Comparison of Hash Functions Algorithm Hash Size Security (bits) Strength Speed Use Cases SHA-256 256 Moderate Blockchain, Signatures SHA-3 224, 256, Very Strong 384, 512 Fast Cryptographic Security Strong Digital Digital Signatures & Key Exchange Protocols Digital signatures and key exchange protocols enhance authentication and secure communication by verifying data authenticity and facilitating encrypted exchanges between parties. Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Exchange allows two entities to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel, forming the basis of many secure communication protocols. However, DH is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks unless additional authentication mechanisms are in place. Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) is a modern variant that provides stronger security with smaller key sizes, making it preferable for applications requiring both efficiency and security. Digital signatures, such as those based on RSA and ECC, authenticate messages, ensuring that transmitted data has not been altered and originates from a verified source. RSA-based digital signatures, though widely used, are computationally expensive, while ECC-based digital signatures provide equivalent security with greater efficiency. Table 4. Comparison of Key Exchange and Digital Signature Algorithms 196

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 Algorithm Security Strength DH Moderate (vulnerable MITM) ECDH Strong Faster than DH SSL/TLS, Messaging Apps Strong Slow Legal Documents, Transactions Very Strong Fast Blockchain, Contracts RSA Signature Digital ECC Signature Digital Speed to Fast Use Cases Secure Exchange Key Smart A comparative analysis of cryptographic algorithms based on security, performance, and efficiency trade-offs highlights that each method serves distinct purposes depending on the specific requirements of the application. One of the key considerations in selecting an encryption method is the balance between security and computational efficiency. While Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) offer robust security against modern cryptographic attacks, they also demand higher computational resources, making them less suitable for low-power or resource-constrained environments. In contrast, older algorithms such as Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Blowfish provide faster encryption speeds but at the expense of security, rendering them inadequate for securing sensitive organizational data. When comparing asymmetric and symmetric encryption, another fundamental trade-off emerges. Symmetric encryption algorithms, such as AES, are highly efficient for encrypting large volumes of data but necessitate secure key distribution methods to prevent unauthorized access. Asymmetric encryption techniques, including RSA and ECC, address this key exchange problem by using public and private key pairs, thereby enhancing security. However, the computational cost associated with asymmetric encryption is significantly higher than that of symmetric methods, making it less efficient for bulk data encryption but essential for secure key exchange and authentication. Different cryptographic techniques are tailored for distinct application scenarios. Government agencies often employ AES and ECC to secure inter-organizational communication as these methods offer a strong combination of security and efficiency. Cloud computing environments rely on SHA-256 and digital signatures to maintain data integrity and ensure authentication, safeguarding data against tampering and unauthorized modifications. Meanwhile, mobile security and Internet of Things (IoT) applications favor ECC due to its lower computational overhead, enabling secure encryption with minimal processing power. As cybersecurity threats evolve, ongoing advancements in post-quantum cryptography are expected to address emerging challenges posed by quantum computing. Conventional cryptographic algorithms, including RSA and ECC, may become vulnerable to quantum-based attacks in the future. Research in quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions is progressing to develop encryption techniques that can sustain security in a post-quantum era, ensuring continued protection for inter-organizational data exchanges. Results and Discussion 197

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot The comparative analysis of cryptographic algorithms reveals significant differences in their security, computational efficiency, and applicability across various organizational contexts. The findings indicate that symmetric encryption algorithms, such as AES, offer a high level of security with efficient encryption and decryption speeds, making them suitable for large-scale data protection in government and enterprise environments. However, the key distribution challenge remains a primary limitation, as symmetric encryption requires a secure key management system to prevent unauthorized access. Older symmetric encryption techniques such as DES, while computationally fast, are no longer considered secure due to their susceptibility to brute-force attacks. Blowfish, with its variable key length, provides a balance between speed and security but lacks standardization, limiting its widespread adoption. In contrast, asymmetric encryption methods such as RSA and ECC provide a higher level of security by utilizing public and private key pairs, making them ideal for secure authentication and key exchange. However, the increased computational cost of asymmetric encryption makes it impractical for encrypting large datasets. RSA encryption, particularly with key sizes exceeding 2048 bits, is highly secure but requires significant processing power, making it less suitable for low-resource environments such as IoT and mobile devices. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), on the other hand, offers the same level of security as RSA but with smaller key sizes, significantly reducing computational overhead, making it a preferred choice for secure communication in mobile security, IoT, and blockchain applications. The study further highlights the importance of hash functions in ensuring data integrity and authentication in inter-organizational communication. SHA-256 remains a widely used standard for cryptographic hashing due to its strong resistance to collision attacks, making it suitable for blockchain technology, digital signatures, and secure file verification. SHA-3 introduces additional cryptographic resilience, particularly against future attack vectors, providing an alternative for organizations seeking enhanced security in their data integrity mechanisms. The real-world application of cryptographic techniques varies depending on the security requirements and resource constraints of different environments. Government institutions and enterprises rely on AES and ECC for their combination of security and efficiency, particularly in securing classified data, financial transactions, and digital identity verification. Cloud computing platforms implement SHA-256 alongside digital signatures to maintain data integrity and authenticate system interactions, ensuring protection against unauthorized data modifications. IoT and mobile security systems favor ECC due to its low computational overhead, enabling strong encryption without excessive processing demands. Despite their widespread adoption, cryptographic algorithms face emerging security risks, particularly from the advancement of quantum computing. Traditional cryptographic systems such as RSA and ECC rely on mathematical problems that quantum computers are expected to solve efficiently using algorithms such as Shor’s algorithm, potentially rendering them obsolete in the future. Post-quantum cryptographic research is actively developing quantum-resistant algorithms to mitigate this risk, with lattice-based cryptography and hash-based cryptographic methods emerging as promising solutions for ensuring secure communication in a post-quantum era. 198

Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot SIRI-2025 Overall, the findings suggest that while current cryptographic algorithms effectively secure inter-organizational communication, the selection of encryption techniques must consider factors such as computational efficiency, security strength, and futureproofing against emerging threats. Organizations must adopt a hybrid approach to security, integrating multiple cryptographic techniques based on their specific use cases to maintain secure and efficient information exchange. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of selecting the right cryptographic algorithms to ensure secure inter-organizational communication. The comparative analysis demonstrates that symmetric encryption methods such as AES provide efficient data protection, while asymmetric encryption techniques like RSA and ECC enhance authentication and key exchange security. Additionally, hash functions such as SHA-256 and SHA-3 play a crucial role in maintaining data integrity, ensuring that transmitted information remains untampered. However, the study also underscores the trade-offs between security, computational efficiency, and practical implementation challenges. While ECC offers a more efficient alternative to RSA for resource-constrained environments, emerging threats such as quantum computing necessitate continued research into postquantum cryptographic solutions. Moving forward, organizations must adopt a multilayered security approach that integrates cryptographic best practices while preparing for future advancements in cybersecurity. References ResearchGate. Available: 1. "Cryptography Algorithms: A Review," (researchgate.net). 2. "Cryptography: A Review," IJAEM.net. Available: (ijaem.net). 3. "A REVIEW PAPER ON CRYPTOGRAPHY ALGORITHMS," ResearchGate. Available: (researchgate.net). 4. "The evolution of cryptographic algorithms," Ericsson. Available: (ericsson.com). 5. "A Review on Cryptography," IJCRT.org. Available: (ijcrt.org). 6. "Diffie–Hellman key exchange," Wikipedia. Available: (en.wikipedia.org). 7. “Password-authenticated key agreement," Wikipedia. Available: (en.wikipedia.org). 8. "IPsec," Wikipedia. Available: (en.wikipedia.org). 9. "Distributed key generation," Wikipedia. Available: (en.wikipedia.org). 10. "The evolution of cryptographic algorithms," Ericsson. Available: (ericsson.com). 11. "Review Of Some Cryptographic Algorithms In Cloud Computing," IJCSNS. Available: (paper.ijcsns.org). 12. "Cryptography Algorithms: A Review," ResearchGate. Available: (researchgate.net). 13. "Cryptography: A Review," IJAEM.net. Available: (ijaem.net). 14. "A REVIEW PAPER ON CRYPTOGRAPHY ALGORITHMS," ResearchGate. Available: (researchgate.net). 15. "A Review on Cryptography," IJCRT.org. Available: (ijcrt.org). 199

SIRI-2025 Sun’iy Intellekt va Raqamli Iqtisodiyot GEOLOGIK MA'LUMOTLARNI SUNIY INTELLEKT YORDAMIDA TAHLIL QILISHNING SAMARADORLIGI Zokir Yo‘ldoshev H.M. Abdullayev nomidagi Geologiya va geofizika instituti: yuldoshevz1995@gmail.com Annotatsiya: Tezisda geologik topshiriqlarni bajarishda sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalaridan, xususan ChatGPT modelidan foydalanishning iqtisodiy samaradorligi yoritiladi. An’anaviy geologik tahlillar ko‘p vaqt va mehnat talab qiladigan jarayon bo‘lib qolmoqda. Sun’iy intellekt esa katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni tezkor, standart va obyektiv tarzda qayta ishlash imkonini beradi. Tahlil jarayonida sun’iy intellekt yordamida shlif va anshlif tavsiflari, geokimyoviy tahlil natijalari va strukturaviy elementlar avtomatlashtirilgan tarzda baholanishi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Bu yondashuv vaqt va resurs tejalishiga, tavsiflarning aniqligi va barqarorligiga olib keladi. Shuningdek, inson mehnatidan mustaqillik, takroriy tahlil qilish imkoniyati va ma’lumotlarni tezda tayyorlash imkoniyati uning iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshiradi. Kalit so‘zlar: sun’iy intellekt, geologik tahlil, iqtisodiy samaradorlik, ChatGPT, geokimyoviy ma’lumotlar, shlif va anshlif, avtomatlashtirilgan tavsif, raqamli geologiya. Kirish Geologik tadqiqotlarda katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni tahlil qilish, tavsiflash va umumlashtirish ko‘plab resurslar, vaqt va inson mehnatini talab qiladi. Shlif va anshliflar, geokimyoviy analizlar, kuzatuv nuqtalari va strukturaviy tavsiflar kabi axborotlarning izchil va aniq tahlili geologik topshiriqlarning muhim bosqichidir. Bunday jarayonlarda sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalaridan, xususan ChatGPT kabi SI modellari asosida foydalanish, ilmiy natijalarni avtomatlashtirish va soddalashtirishga xizmat qilmoqda. Mazkur tezisda sun’iy intellekt yordamida geologik ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlashning iqtisodiy samaradorligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. An’anaviy va SI asosidagi yondashuvlar taqqoslanib, vaqt tejalishi, insoniy xatoliklarning kamayishi, tavsiflarning takrorlanuvchanligi va xarajatlarning kamayishi mezon sifatida tahlil qilinadi. Geologik axborotni avtomatik tahlil qilish bo‘yicha amalga oshirilgan tajriba asosida sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining iqtisodiy va ilmiy ustunliklari asoslab beriladi. Materiallar va uslublar Ushbu tadqiqotda geologik axborotni tahlil qilishda sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining iqtisodiy samaradorligi baholandi. Tahlil ob’ektlari sifatida geologik tadqiqotlarda keng qo‘llaniladigan ma’lumot turlari — shlif va anshlif tavsiflari, geokimyoviy (ICP-MS) tahlil natijalari va geologik kuzatuv nuqtalari haqida yaratilgan matnli tavsiflar tanlab olindi. Tahlil jarayonlarida sun’iy intellekt tizimi sifatida ChatGPT algoritmidan foydalanildi. Ushbu tizim yordamida geologik ma’lumotlar asosida avtomatlashtirilgan tavsiflash, xulosa chiqarish va matn ishlab chiqish ishlari amalga oshirildi. Bunday yondashuv xorijiy ilmiy 200