"Ta’limda raqamli va innovatsion texnologiyalarning o‘rni va istiqbollari" mavzusida ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya to‘plami. 2023-yil 14-dekabr.

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr .%,32-58-73(-=38-2-2+6%5%10-86%27*361%87-=%7-8)2()27-=%0%6:% -78-5&300%6- (NERKMVSZE9QMHE%FHYKEPMQSZRE 9RMZIVWMX]SJQEREKIQIRXERHJYXYVIXIGLRSPSKMIWYRMZIVWMXIXM %RRSXEXWM]E 1E^OYV QEUSPEHE NELSR MUXMWSHM]SXMRMRK VEUEQPM XVERWJSVQEXWM]EWM ZE YRMRK QE^QYRQSLM]EXM ZE YRMRK QYLMQ NMLEXPEVM WLYRMRKHIO VMZSNPERKER QEQPEOEXPEVRMRK FYFSVEHEKMWM]SWEXMLEUMHEJMOV]YVMXMPKER Kalit so‘zlar: .ELSR MUXMWSHM]SXM VEUEQPM XVERWJSVQEXWM]E SRPE]R to‘lov, raqamli XI\RSPSKM]EPEVsun’iy intellekt 6EUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SX XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRMRK NEHEP VMZSNPERMWLM E\FSVSX WSLEWMHE MRUMPSF ZE MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK KPSFEPPEWLYZ NEVE]SRPEVMRM XI^PEWLXMVMWL FMPER ENVEPMF XYVEHM -UXMWSHM]SXRMRK raqamli sektorini rivojlantirish borasida davlat tomonidan keng ko‘lamli choraXEHFMVPEV ko‘rilmoqda, elektron hujjat aylanishi tizimlari joriy etilmoqda, elektron to‘lovlar VMZSNPERXMVMPQSUHE ZE IPIOXVSR XMNSVEX WSLEWMHEKM RSVQEXMZLYUYUM] FE^E XEOSQMPPEWLXMVMPQSUHE Tadqiqotlarga ko‘ra raqamli iqtisodiyotning dunyo iqtisodiyotidagi salmog‘i 15 foizdan JSM^KEGLERM XEWLOMP IXEHM .ELSR E\FSVSXOSQQYRMOEXWM]E XI\RSPSKM]EPEVM WIOXSVMHE yaratilayotgan qo‘shilgan qiymatning deyarli 40 foizi va blokcheyn texnologiyalari bilan bog‘liq patentlarning 75 foizi Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlari va Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi hissasiga to‘g‘ri keladi. &YKYRKM OYRHE %57LHE VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK ]EPTM MGLOM QELWYPSXHEKM YPYWLM foiz, Xitoyda 40 foiz, Hindistonda 10,5 foizni tashkil etadi. O‘zbekistonda bu ko‘rsatkich 3 JSM^HERLEQSWLQE]HM Raqamlashtirishning ahamiyati va ta’sirini qanchalik ortib borayotganligini baholash uchun so‘nggi o‘n yillikdagi bir nechta yirik texnologik kompaniyalar va raqamli platformalarning jahon bozoridagi kapitallarining ulushini ko‘rish kifoya. Axborot asri deya e’tirof etilayotgan bugungi kunimizda axborot kommunikatsiya tizimi izchil rivojlanishda HEZSQIXQSUHE Bugun zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalarisiz hayotimizni tasavvur etib bo‘lmaydi. 1EQPEOEX HEVENEWMHE YWLFY WSLE VMZSNM QYLMQ SQMPPEVHER FMVMKE E]PERKER 7LY FSMW LEQ mamlakatimizda telekommunikatsiya tarmoqlarini rivojlantirishga alohida e’tibor qaratib OIPMRQSUHE %]RMUWE WSLERM \EPUEVS ERHS^EPEVHE QI\ERM^EXWM]EPEWLXMVMWL ZE VMZSNPERXMVMWL ustuvor yo‘nalishlar sifatida belgilab olingan. Amaliy harakatlar natijasida yurtimizning yaqin ZE SPMW QMRXEUEPEVMHE E\FSVSX VIWYVWPEVMRM ]EVEXMWL ZE YRHER JS]HEPERMWL WEQEVEHSVPMKM oshirilmoqda. Davlatning raqamli iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirish yo‘lini tanlaganligi axborot texnologiyalari sohasida va umuman, elektron hujjatlar aylanmasi sohasida yangi yo‘nalishlar ochib beradi. “Raqamli texnologiyalar” tomon burilishga butun jahon internet tarmog‘i va sifatli aloqaning rivojlanishi sababchi bo‘ldi. 6EUEQPMMUXMWSHM]SXRMRKIRKJESPHVE]ZIVMFYHEZPEXHMV9VEUEQPMMUXMWSHM]SXRMRKEWSWM] buyurtmachisi va iste’molchisidir. Masalan, Xitoy bu maqsadlar uchun 9 mlrd dollar atrofida 121

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr mablag‘ sarflagan. Bozor kapitalizatsiyasi 210 mlrd dollardan ziyod bo‘lgan, alibaba internet resursi ushbu sarmoyalarning to‘g‘ri yo‘naltirilganini isbotladi. 6EUEQPEWLXMVMWLHER QEOWMQEP JS]HE SPMWLRM MWXEKER HEZPEX ^EVYVM] ]YUSVM XI\RSPSKMO mahsulotlarning bozorini yaratishi va uni qo‘llabUYZZEXPEWLMPS^MQHMV7LYFMPERFMVKETEVEPPIP XEV^HEHEZPEXFSWLUEVYZMQYLMQWSLEPEVZEOSV\SREPEVYGLYR\YWYWM]MPSZEPEVRMVMZSNPERXMVKER holda, elektron iqtisodiyotning asosiy platformalarini nazorat qiluvchi instrumentlarni o‘z M^QMHE WEUPEF USPMWL LEQ QYLMQ LMWSFPEREHM <YWYWER =ETSRM]E XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRM \EVMH qilgan bo‘lsada, ushbu yo‘nalishda o‘zining ishlab chiqaruvchi tarmoqlarini yaratilmagani va XI\RMO MWLPERQEPEV HEVENEWMRM QYXXEWMP ]YUSVM LSPEXHE XYXMPQEKERM XYJE]PM VEUEQPM iqtisodiyotdagi yetakchi pozitsiyalarni qo‘ldan boy berdi. Janubiy Koreya esa elektron LYOYQEX ZE IPIOXVSR ZSWMXEGLMPMOOE IPIOXVSR XMNSVEX JESPM]EXM ZE HEZPEX XIRHIV \EVMHPEVMRM o‘tkazish uchun) milliy byudjetning 1 foiziga teng miqdorda sarmoya kiritib, har yili 10 QMPPMEVH HSPPEV LSWMP UMPQSUHE ZE LEVENEXPEVRM FEVEZEV USTPE]HMKER HEVSQEH SPQSUHE .YQPEHERHEZPEXZE\YWYWM]WIOXSVHEGEPPQEVOE^PEVRMXEWLOMPUMPMWLQSFMPMPSZEPEVRM]EVEXMWL ZE HEZPEXKE XIKMWLPM MRXIVRIXTPEXJSVQEPEVRM VIMRNMRMVMRK UMPMWL SVUEPM QERE WLYRHE] REXMNEKE IVMWLMPHM ,S^MVKMZEUXHEMPQWM^PMOjohillikning tomir yoyishiga alal oqibat yurt parokanda bo‘lishiga SPMF OIPEHM -PQM] EHEFM]SXPEVHE LS^MVKM zamon “Yangi raqamli iqtisodiyoti” turli xil atamalar bilan nomlanadi. Masalan, Raqamli iqtisodiyot tushunchasiga bir qator ta’riflar berilgan. Jumladan, iqtisodiyot fanlari doktori, Rossiya Fanlar akademiyasining muxbir a’zosi V.Ivanov “Raqamli iqtisod haqiqatimizni to‘ldiradigan virtual muhit” deb ta’rif bergan. &MVMRGLMQEVXEyilda amerikalik dasturchi Nikolas Negroponte “Raqamli iqtisodiyot” terminini amaliyotga kiritgan bo‘lsa, hozirda bu istilohni butun dunyodagi siyosatchilar, MUXMWSHGLMPEV NYVREPMWXPEV XEHFMVOSVPEV – deyarli barcha kasb egalari qo‘llamoqda. Raqamlashtirish jahon iqtisodiyotining o‘sishiga olib keladi, masalan, nufuzli McKinsey +PSFEP -RWXMXYXI OSRWEPXMRK OSQTERM]EWMRMRK LMWSFkitoblariga ko‘ra, eng yangi raqamli XI\RSPSKM]EPEVHER JS]HEPERMWL yilga borib yalpi ichki mahsulot (YaIM) o‘sishiga olib keladi. Butun dunyo bo‘ylab. 3 XVMPPMSR HSPPEVRM XEWLOMP IXEHM /SQTERM]ERMRK LMWSF kitoblariga ko‘ra, 12 turdagi yuqori texnologiya (mobil Internet, ilg‘or robototexnika, bulutli texnologiya, qayta tiklanadigan energiya, Internet of Things (IoT) ma’lumotlari bu o‘sishga hissa qo‘shadi. Simsiz uzatish, harakatchanlik va sun’iy intellekt va boshqalar). Ayni paytda butun dunyo bo‘ylab yirik kompaniyalar raqamlashtirish haqiqatidan xabardor va bulutli texnologiyalar va tarmoq infratuzilmasini modernizatsiya qilish bo‘yicha ko‘rsatmalarga ega. Raqamlashtirish, raqamli iqtisodiyotni shakllantirish iste’molchilar, davlat, umuman, jamiyat uchun katta imkoniyatlar ochib beradi. Raqamli iqtisodiyotni qo‘llabquvvatlash bo‘yicha HYR]SRMRK ]IXEOGLM HEZPEXPEVM UEXSVMHE 7MRKETYV <MXS] .ERYFM] /SVI]E =ERKM >IPERHM]E ZE (ERM]E FSV &Y QEQPEOEXPEV VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL ZE ]YUSVM XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRM WLEOPPERXMVMWL WSLEWMHE WEPQSUPM XEWLEFFYWPEV FMPER GLMUHM 8SQWO HEZPEX YRMZIVWMXIXMRMRK TVSJIWWSVM R.Meshcheryakovning fikricha “Raqamli iqtisod” atamasiga ikkita yondashish mavjud deb LMWSFPE]HM 6EUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEV EWSWMHE MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK ZE IPIOXVSR XSZEV ZE \M^QEXPEV eksklyuziv tavsiflovchi raqamli iqtisodiyot: birinchi yondashuv “klassik” deb nomlanib, OPEWWMO QMWSPPEV teletibbiyot, masofaviy ta’lim, doriHEVQSRPEVRM WSXMWL JMPQPEV XIPIZM^SVPEV 122

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr kitoblar va boshqalar). Ikkinchi yondashuv: “raqamli iqtisod” ilg‘or raqamli texnologiyalardan JS]HEPERKERLSPHEMUXMWSHM]MWLPEFGLMUEVMWLHMV Natija shuni ko‘rsatadiki, bu holatda foyda moddiy ishlab chiqarish (sanoat iqtisodiyoti) IQEWFEPOMQSPM]E OETMXEP IQEWFEPOM]ERKMPMOWSLEPEVMZESPMQPEVRMRKMRXIPPIOXMXSQSRMHER ]EVEXMPEHM 8EHUMUSXGLMPEV ) 8SJJPIV * *YOY]EQE ( &IPP . 2E]WFMXX ZE FSWLUEPEV ^EQSREZM] HYR]SHEKM EOWEVM]EX VMZSNPERKER QEQPEOEXPEV YGLYR E]RER MRRSZEXWMSR MUXMWSHM]SX NELSR iqtisodiy ustunligini ta’minlaydi, deb hisoblashadi. Hozirgi kunda AQSh, Germaniya, Yaponiya, %ZWXVEPM]E /EREHE 7LZIXWM]E *MRP]ERHM]E 7MRKETYV -WVSMP ZE FSWLUE QEQPEOEXPEV innovatsion iqtisodiyotning rivojlangan venchur biznesi bo‘lgan innovatsion iqtisodiyotga ega mamlakatlar qatoriga kiradi. Biz Karl Shvabning quyidagi fikrlariga e’tibor qaratsak XI\RSPSKM]EPEVLE]SXMQM^RMUERHE]XEV^HESD^KEVXMVMFFSVE]XKERPMKMRMZEOIPENEOEZPSHLE]SXMRM UERHE]SD^KEVXMVENEKMRMXYWLYRMFSPMWLMQM^OIVEO^IVSYWLFYXI\RSPSKM]EPEVFM^]EWLE]SXKER LE]SXRMRKMUXMWSHM]MNXMQSM]IOSPSKMOZEQEHERM]WLEVSMXPEVMRMFYXOYPSD^KEVXMVMFFSVQSUHE Raqamli iqtisodiyotni kim rivojlantiradi? Degan muhim bir savol tug‘uladi O‘zbekiston 6IWTYFPMOEWM 4VI^MHIRXM LY^YVMHEKM 0S]MLE FSWLUEVYZM QMPPM] EKIRXPMKM VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXRM NSVM]IXMWLZEVMZSNPERXMVMWLWSLEWMHEZEOSPEXPMSVKERLMWSFPEREHM&YRHERXEWLUEVM-UXMWSHM]SX 1SPM]E%\FSVSXXI\RSPSKM]EPEVM%HPM]EZE^MVPMOPEVMZEFSWLUEUEXSVHEZPEXXY^MPQEPEVMVEUEQPM iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirish uchun o‘ziga xos mas’uliyat va vazifalarga ega. Bu haqida 4VI^MHIRX 7LEZOEX 1MV^M]S]IZRMRK 3PM] 1ENPMW 7IREXM ZE 5SRYRGLMPMO TEPEXEWMKE UMPKER Murojaatnomasida ham alohida ta’kidlab o‘tildi. O‘z o‘rnida qayd etish lozimki, mamlakatimiz LE]SXMHE VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK E]VMQ IPIQIRXPEVM EPPEUEGLSR QYZEJJEUM]EX FMPER JESPM]EX ko‘rsatmoqda. Jumladan, hujjatlar va kommunikatsiyalarning ommaviy ravishda raqamli vositalarga o‘tkazilishini hisobga olib, elektron imzoga ruxsat berish, davlat bilan muloqot qilish ham elektron platformalarga o‘tkazilmoqda. ,EV \MP ]EWLMVMR ZE \YJM]SRE MUXMWSHM]SX QEZNYHPMKMKE HEWXPEF EWVRMRK ]MPPEVMHE e’tibor bera boshladilar. 20EWVRMRK ]MPPEVMHER FSWLPEF \YJM]SRE MUXMWSHM]SXRM MPQM] XEHUMU UMPMWL FSWLPERHM <YJM]SRE MUXMWSHM]SXRM XELPMP UMPMWL VMZSNPERE]SXKER QEQPEOEXPEV QMWSPMHE ingliz sotsiologi K.Xart tomonidan birinchilar qatorida boshlandi U “uchinchi dunyo” mamlakatlarida ko‘plab shaharliklarning rasmiy iqtisodiyotga aloqador emasligini aniqladi. U RSVEWQM] MUXMWSHM]SX EXEQEWMRM MPQM] QYSQEPEKE OMVMXHM (EVSQEH SPMWLRMRK JSVQEP ZE noformal shakllari o‘rtasidagi farq ish haqi va o‘zini o‘zi ish bilan band qilish asosida topilgan daromad o‘rtasidagi farq sifatida izohlandi. P.Gutman (AQSh) xufiyona iqtisodiyot ko‘lamiga va roliga e’tibor qilish lozimligini asosladi. Fernando de Soto “Boshqa yo‘l” asarida xufiyona MUXMWSHM]SXRM \EPURMRK OSVVYTWM]EPEWLKER HEZPEXRMRK UEWLWLSUPEWLE]SXKER ELSPMRMRK EWSWM] ILXM]SNPEVMRM USRHMVMWLKE PE]SUEXWM^PMKMKE RMWFEXER MNSHM] VIEOWM]EWM NEZSFM HIF EXEHM 9 LEVENEXPEVMRMSWLOSVEPMO PIKEPPMO ZERSSWLOSVEPMO RSPIKEPPMO OVMXIVM]EPEVMEWSWMHEKYVYLPEWLRM XEOPMJ IXKER EWVRMRK ]MPPEV MOOMRGLM ]EVMQM ]MPPEVRMRK FSWLPEVMHE VMZSNPERKER mamlakatlar olimlari va siyosatchilari amaldagi iqtisodiyot ko‘lamlari rasmiy iqtisodiyot ko‘lamlaridan ortiqroq ekanligini aniqladilar. <YJM]SREMUXMWSHM]SXVMZSNPERMWLMFMVMRGLMREZFEXHEHEZPEXXSQSRMHERMUXMWSHM]SXXEVXMFKE solinishiga javoban paydo bo‘lgan munosabat sifatida qabul qilinishi kerak. Tartibga solish jarayoni cheklovlarsiz bo‘lmaydi, cheklovlarni puxta o‘ylamay joriy etish ularga amal 123

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr qilmaslikni yuzaga keltiradi, ayniqsa, buning oqibatida biron naf ko‘rish mumkin bo‘lsa. Xufiyona iqtisodiyotning ko‘p turlari (masalan, soliq to‘lashdan bosh tortish) davlat XSQSRMHER XEVXMFKE WSPMWL NEVE]SRMHEKM OEQGLMPMOPEV WEFEFPM ]Y^EKE OIPEHM QEWEPER FSWLUEVYZRMRK F]YVSOVEXPEWLXMVKERPMKM WSPMU WXEZOEPEVM ]YUSVMPMKM ZE LO <YJM]SRE MUXMWSHM]SXMRMRK VMZSNPERMWLM FMV XSQSRHER HEZPEXRMRK EVEPEWLYZM LEUMUEXMKE QYRSWEFEXHMV 'LIOPSZPEVWM^XEVXMFKEWSPMWLQYQOMRIQEWZEEWSWWM^GLIOPSZPEVYPEVRMRKFY^MPMWLMKEWEFEF bo‘ladi. Agarda biz ushbu muammo yokida ziddiyatiga yechim topmas ekanmiz vaqt o‘tib yaxshi bo‘lmagan oqibatlarni keltirib chiqarishi mumkin,biz raqamlashtrilgan raqamli iqtisodiyot, raqamli shaffof elektron tizimni joriy etish ushbu muammoni chetlab o‘tish uchun IRK]E\WLMZSWMXEHIFLMWSFPE]QM^ 6EUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEV REJEUEX QELWYPSX ZE \M^QEXPEV WMJEXMRM SWLMVEHM FEPOM SVXMUGLE LEVENEXPEVRM OEQE]XMVEHM 5SPEZIVWE FY OSVVYTWM]EKE ZE \YJM]SRE MUXMWSHM]SXKE UEVWLM OYVEWLMWL YGLYR WEQEVEPM ZSWMXEHMV &YRM FEVGLEQM^ XIVER ERKPEF SPMWLMQM^ HEVOSV (EZPEX FSWLUEVYZM ZE MNXMQSM] WSLEHE LEQ VEUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRM OIRK NSVM] IXMF REXMNEHSVPMORM oshirish va bir so‘z bilan aytganda odamlar turmushini yaxshilash YPEVKE ]IXEVPMGLE UYPE]PMO ]EVEXMWLHIQEOHMV &YRMRK YGLYR FM^ VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXHE MWLPEWLKE USHMV OEHVPEVRM XE]]SVPEWL NEVE]SRMRM XEWLOMPIXMFQYOEQQEPUMPMFWLEOPPERXMVMWLMQM^PS^MQ <YPSWE UMPMF E]XKERHE MUXMWSHM]SXHE VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL NEVE]SRPEVMRM EQEPKE SWLMVMWL ILXM]SNHER OIPMF GLMUUER LSPHE NEHEPPEWLXMVMWL XEPEF IXMPEHM 6EUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEV %/8 WIOXSVMHE YWXYZSVPMO OEWF IXMWLMHER XEWLUEVM MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK FSWLUE XEVQSU ZE WSLEPEVMHE ham an’anaviylikdan voz kechib, raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etishga ustun darajada ELEQM]EXUEVEXMPQSUHE-UXMWSHM]SXRMVEUEQPEWLXMVMWLNEVE]SRPEVMRMXSKʻVMXEWLOMPIXMWLXEVQSU ZEWSLEPEVHEVEUEQPMXVERWJSVQEXWM]EPEWLKERMUXMWSHM]SXRMOIRKE]XMVMWLHE\M^QEXPEVWSLEWMRM raqamlashtirish mehnat bozorida o‘zgarishlarni keltirib chiqaradi. Xizmat ko‘rsatish sohasida mehnat bozorining tuzilishi ham o‘zgarib bormoqda, ayrim kasblarining yo‘qolib borishi va yangi kasblarning paydo bo‘lishi bashorat qilinmoqda. Raqamli xizmat ko‘rsatish MUXMWSHM]SXMHE MWLPEWL YGLYR ]ERKM OSKRMXMZ MNXMQSM] \YPUatvor va raqamli ko‘nikmalar talab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ʻ^FIOMWXSR 6IWTYFPMOEWM 4VI^MHIRXMRMRK ]MP iyuldagi “Oʻ^FIOMWXSR 6IWTYFPMOEWMHE VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXRM VMZSNPERXMVMWL GLSVEXEHFMVPEVM XSʻKʻrisida”gi PQ WSRPM5EVSVM 124

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020]MP oktyabrdagi ““Raqamli O‘zbekiston2030” strategiyasini tasdiqlash va uni samarali amalga oshirish choraXEHFMVPEVM to‘g‘risida”gi PQWSRPMUEVSVM Gulyamov S.S. va boshqalar. ”Raqamli iqtisodiyot” Darslik. –88(-9]–F (MKMXEP)GSRSQ]VITSVX:EPYIGVIEXMSRERHGETXYVIMQTPMGEXMSRWJSVHIZIPSTMRK GSYRXVMIWLXXTWYRGXEHSVKW]WXIQJMPIWSJJMGMEPHSGYQIRXHIVCIRTHJ 125

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Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr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o‘sh, texnologik o‘zgarishlarga tayyor bo‘lmagan davlatlarni ertaga nimalar kutadi? Dunyoqarashidagi, qadriyatlar tizimidagi o‘ziga xosliklar tufayli, qolaversa, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va mafkuraviy sabablarga ko‘ra ushbu texnologik yangiliklarni o‘z vaqtida qabul qila olmagan NEQM]EXPEV XEVEUUM]SXHE MPKEVM IKEPPEF XYVKERMHER LEQ SVUEHE USPMF OIXMWLM XEVM\M] XENVMFEHER ma’lum. Mazkur innovatsion musobaqada O‘zbekiston qanday o‘rinni egallamoqda? Dunyo sanoati “Industriya 4.0” ostonasida turgan bo‘lsada, lekin uning barcha texnologiyalarini faqatgina bundan oldingi “Industriya 3.0” sanoat inqilobining yutuqlarini o‘zlashtira olganlargina tatbiq qila oladilar. O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotiga kelsak, tan olish kerakki biz hozir “Industriya 2.0” darajasidan “Industriya 3.0” darajasiga o‘tish bosqichidamiz. Albatta, bu holat O‘zbekiston sanoatini to‘liq modernizatsiya qilish yo‘lidagi jiddiy to‘siqdir. Shubhasiz, bu QYEQQSRMXERSPMWLZEERKPEWL–oldinga harakat qilish uchun qo‘yilgan qadamdir. Prezident Shavkat Mirziyoev tomonidan 2018 yil mamlakatimizda “Faol tadbirkorlik, innovatsion g‘oyalar va texnologiyalarni qo‘llabquvvatlash yili” deb e’lon qilindi. Bundan tashqari, Prezidentimiz tomonidan O‘zbekistonni dunyodagi rivojlangan 20 ta davlat safiga kiritish strategik rejasi belgilab berildi. Bu ulkan va olamshumul maqsadga erishishda, O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyoti va sanoatini tubdan o‘zgartirib, “Industriya 4.0” tamoyillarini keng tatbiq qilinishi lozim bo‘ladi. 9QYQER SPKERHE VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXEHEKM OS T UM^MUEVPM XSQSRPEVRMRK XEWLOMP IXMPMWLM XEFMM]VMZSNPERMWLREXMNEWMHMVZEXIKMWLPMTVSXSOSPPEVZEXEQS]MPPEVRMS ^MGLMKESPKERXI\RMOEZM] XMNSVEZM]MNXMQSM]ZEWM]SWM]WEZSPPEVRMLMWSFKESPKERQYZSJMUTVMRWMTPEVXEPEFUMPEHM -RXIVRIX\EZJWM^PMKM QEZNYHPMKM S ^KEVMWLPEV XI^PMKM ZE QEVOE^M] RE^SVEXRMRK QEZNYH IQEWPMKM FEVGLE UM^MUEVPM XSQSRPEVRMRK YQYQM] TVMRWMTPEVM ZE TVSXSOSPPEVMRM QSWPEWLXMVMWLRM XEPEF UMPEHM Masalan, Braziliyaning Internet komiteti ko’p qiziqarli tomonlarni boshqarish QSHIPPEVM QYZEJJEUM]EXPM MWLPEXEHM -RRSZEXWMSR '+-FV QSHIPM MNXMQSM] XEWLOMPSXRMRK \YWYWM]EXPEVMFS PMFXI\RMOXMNSVEZM]MNXMQSM]ZEWM]SWM]WEZSPPEVKEQSWPEWLXMVMPKERTVSXSOSPPEV ZETVMRWMTPEVRMQSWPEWLYZGLERPMKMRMXE QMRPE]HM 7LYRMRKHIO OS T XSQSRPEQE FSWLUEVMWL YWYPPEVM VEUEQPM VMZSNPERMWLRMRK QYZEJJEUM] WXVEXIKM]EPEVMRMRK EWSWM] TVMRWMTM FS PMF VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SXHEKM FEVGLE UM^MUEVPM XSQSRPEVRM 134

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Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr O‘ZBEKISTON IQTISODIYOTNI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA SOLIQ TIZIMINI 6%5%10%7,8-6-7, Boliyev Bahromjon Rustam o‘g‘li 9RMZIVWMX]SJQEREKIQIRXERHJYXYVIXIGLRSPSKMIWYRMZIVWMXIXM %RRSXEXWM]E 9WLFY QEUSPEHE 6EUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRM FEVGLE WSLEPEV ZE insonlarning kundalik hayotiga shiddat bilan kirib ijobiy o‘zgarishlarga sabab bo‘lib FSVE]SXKERPMKMRMWSPMUXM^MQMSRPE]RWLEOPHEFYXYRHYR]SQEQPEOEXPEVMMUXMWSHM]SXMHEOY^EXMWL mumkin. Iqtisodiyotni raqamlashtirish tarmoqlarda tejamkorlik va samaradorlikni ta’minlashi WSPMU XM^MQMRM VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL SRPE]R WLEOMPHE LMWSFSXPEV WLEOPPERXMVMWL FYKYRKM OYR XEPEFM bo‘lmoqda. Kalit so‘zlar: sun’iy MRXIPPIOX IPIOXVSR XMNSVEX SRPE]R to‘lov, raqamli texnologiyalar, WSPMUWSPMUXM^MQMRMVEUEQPEWLXMVMWLVEUEQPMMUXMWSHM]SX /MVMWL &Y VEUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRMRK NEHEP VMZSNPERMWLM E\FSVSX WSLEWMHE MRUMPSF ZE MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK KPSFEPPEWLYZ NEVE]SRPEVMRM XI^PEWLXMVMWL FMPER ENVEPMF XYVEHM -UXMWSHM]SXRMRK raqamli sektorini rivojlantirish borasida davlat tomonidan keng ko‘lamli choraXEHFMVPEV ko‘rilmoqda, elektron hujjat aylanishi tizimlari joriy etilmoqda, elektron to‘lovlar VMZSNPERXMVMPQSUHEZEIPIOXVSRXMNSVEXWSLEWMHEKMRSVQEXMZLYUYUM]FE^EXEOSQMPPEWLXMVMPQSUHE ?A 1EQPEOEXMQM^HE SPMF FSVMPE]SXKER OIRK UEQVSZPM MUXMWSHM] MWPSLSXPEVRM EQEPKE oshirishda avvalambor soliq siyosatini yanada takomillashtirish ya’ni soliq XM^MQMRM VEUEQPEWLXMVMWLSRPE]RZE ]EUUSPWSHHEWLEOMPHELEQQEFSTXYWLYREVPMWSPMUPEVRMRKXYVPEVM va ularning amal qilish mexanizmini soddalashtirish va kamomat ya’ni soliqdan qochish ]EWLMVMR MWLPEVRM SPHMRM SPMWL WSPMU XM^MQMRM VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL LEV FMV WLE\W WSPMU QENFYVM]EXMRM to‘laqonli masuliyat bilan bajarishi hamda shu jarayonni nazorat qilish muhim masalalardan LMWSFPEREHM 1IXSHSPSKM]E Maʼlumotlar markazining kengayishi barcha olingan maʼlumotlar SUMQPEVMRM VIEP ZEUXHE FMVPEWLXMVMWL MQOSRMRM FIVEHMKER MUXMWSHM]SXRM VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL Rejalashtirilgan vazifalarni amalga oshirish natijasida soliq to’lovchilarga ko‘rsatilayotgan \M^QEXPEV WMJEXMRM ]EREHE SWLMVMWL QEUWEHMHE WSPMU SVKERPEVM MRXIVEOXMZ \M^QEXPEV YPYWLMRMRK FSWUMGLQEbosqich ko‘payishini taʼminlashi lozim. JumladanWSPMUPEVRM LMWSFPEWL FYHNIXPEV FMPER LMWSFkitoblar va kartochkalari bo‘yicha ko‘rsatkichlarni hisoblash, hamda soliq to‘lovchiga hujjatlarni shakllantirish va jo‘natish, soliq to‘lovchilarni tekshirish uchun dastlabki ma’lumotlar va boshqalar. Hozirgi kunda soliq maʼmurchiligi, shu jumladan, soliqlar va boshqa majburiy to‘lovlarni undirish, soliq bazasini kengaytirish va soliq to‘lovchilarning LYUYUM]QEHERM]EXMRMSWLMVMWLWSLEWMHEKMEWSWM]QYEQQSPEVUY]MHEKMPEVHERMFSVEX WSPMU organlari faoliyatiga manfaatdor vazirliklar va idoralar bilan samarali nazorat va o‘zaro hamkorlikni, shuningdek davlat xizmatlaridan foydalanish tizimining yaxshi yo‘lga qo‘yilmaganligi; 2) soliq huquqiy munosabatlarining holati va rivojlanish tendensiyalarini tahlil qilish, soliq siyosatining o‘rta va uzoq muddatli yo‘nalishlarini ishlab chiqish, joriy soliq muammolarini o‘rganish, shuningdek soliq tushumlarini byudjetga ishonchli TVSKRS^PEWLXMVMWLRM EQEPKE SWLMVMWL WSPMU RM^SPEVMRM WYHKEGLE LEP IXMWL MQOSRM]EXPEVM soliq apellyatsiyasi, ussularining yetarli darajada qo‘llanilmayapti; 4) soliq to‘lovchilarning huquqiy madaniyatini oshirish, ularning soliqlarni to‘lash bo‘yicha o‘z konstitutsiyaviy burchini ixtiyoriy ravishda bajarishini taʼminlashga qaratilgan ishlar, ayniqsa mahalliy joylarda nomukammallik; 5) bozorlar va savdo majmualari faoliyati ustidan soliq nazoratining to‘g‘ri samaradorligining yo‘qligi mahalliy byudjetlarni to‘ldirish uchun mavjud zaxiralarni to‘liq 138

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr safarbar etishni, shuningdek naqd pul qaytarilishini kafolatlashni taʼminlamaydi; 6) soliq yig‘ish va boshqa majburiy to‘lovlar ko‘rsatkichlarini yaxshilash, korrupsiyaning oldini olish, WLYRMRKHIOWSPMUSVKERPEVMHE\M^QEXUMPMWLYGLYRZMNHSRPM ZE]YUSVMQEPEOEPM\SHMQPEVRMNEPF qilish uchun davlat soliq xizmati organlari xodimlarini moddiy rag‘batlantirish mexanizmlarini takomillashtirish kerak. Soliq ma’murchiligini takomillashtirish nafaqat qonunchilikka asoslanadi, balki soliq organlari va soliq to‘lovchilar o‘rtasidagi munosabatlar madaniyati va mafkurasini o‘zgartirishni talab qiladi,soliq maʼmurchiligi tizimini yanada rivojlantirish, soliq xodimlari va soliq to‘lovchilarning munosabatlar madaniyati bilimlarini oshirish zarurdir, MPQWM^PMOjoxillikning tomir yoyishiga alal oqibat yurt parokanda bo‘lishiga olib keladi ?A “Raqamli iqtisodiyot” atamasi ilmiy amaliyotga ispaniyalik va amerikalik WSXWMSPSK E\FSVSXPEWLKER NEQM]EXRMRK ]IXEOGLM XEHUMUSXGLMWM 1ERYIP /EWXIPWXSQSRMHER OMVMXMPKER &Y borada u o‘zining “Axborot davri, iqtisod, jamiyat va madaniyat” nomli uch jildli QSRSKVEJM]EWMRM GLST IXKER ,S^MVKM ZEUXKE OIPMF VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SX RE^EVM]EWM to‘laligicha LEPM WLEOPPERQEKER ZE ko‘pchilik iqtisodchilar tomonidan keng miqyosda o‘rganilmoqda. -PQM] EHEFM]SXPEVHE LS^MVKM zamon “Yangi raqamli iqtisodiyoti” turli xil atamalar bilan nomlanadi. Masalan, Raqamli iqtisodiyot tushunchasiga bir qator ta’riflar berilgan. Jumladan, iqtisodiyot fanlari doktori, Rossiya Fanlar akademiyasining muxbir a’zosi V.Ivanov “Raqamli MUXMWSH haqiqatimizni to‘ldiradigan virtual muhit” deb ta’rif bergan [3]. «Raqamlashtirish» so‘zi aslida yangi atama bo‘lib, innovatsion boshqaruv va ish yuritish jarayoniga axborot texnologiyalari (IT) yechimlarning jalb etilishini, buning samarasi o‘laroq esa internet buyumlardan tortib, elektron hukumatgacha bo‘lgan barcha tizimlarda axborot texnologiyalarini qo‘llashni ko‘zda tutadi. Raqamli iqtisodiyot deganda iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy va madaniy aloqalarni raqamli texnologiyalarni qo‘llash asosida amalga oshirish tizimidir. Ba’zida u internet iqtisodiyoti, yangi iqtisodiyot yoki vebMUXMWSHM]SXHIKERXIVQMRPEVFMPERLEQ MJSHEPEREHM yilda amerikalik dasturchi Nikolas Negroponte “Raqamli iqtisodiyot” XIVQMRMRMEQEPM]SXKEOMVMXHM,S^MVHEFYMWXMPSLRMFYXYRHYR]SHEKMWM]SWEXGLMPEVMUXMWSHGLMPEV jurnalistlar, tadbirkorlar deyarli barcha qo‘llamoqda. 2016]MPHE &YXYRNELSR FEROM HYR]SHEKM raqamli iqtisodiyotning ahvoli haqida ilk marta ma’ruza e’lon qildi “Raqamli dividendlar”. %WSWERVEUEQPMMUXMWSHM]SXRMVMZSNPERMWLMRMRKEWSWM]IPIQIRXMWMJEXMHEIPIOXVSRXMNSVEXMRXIVRIX banking, elektron to‘lovlar, internet reklama va shu bilan birga, internet o‘yinlari ko‘riladi. %\FSVSX XI\RSPSKM]EPEVMRM VMZSNPERMWLM ZE XEHUMU UMPMRMWLM IZE^MKE OYRHEPMO LE]SXMQM^HE NYHE ko‘plab qulayliklar paydo bo‘lmoqda. Deylik ovqatlanmoqchimiz, lekin uni tayyorlashni \SLPEQE]QM^ QYEQQS IQEW MRXIVRIXHER Y]KE SZUEX ]IXOE^MF FIVMWL \M^QEXM SVUEPM xohlagan taomni onlayn buyurtma qilishimiz mumkin. Yoki do‘stimizga pul o‘tkazishimiz kerak, bunda bank yoki moliya muassasalariga borishga hojat yo‘q, biz pulni mobil bank orqali o‘tkazishimiz mumkin [4]. Tomsk davlat universitetining professori, R.Meshcheryakovning fikricha “Raqamli iqtisod” atamasiga ikkita yondashish mavjud deb hisoblaydi. Raqamli texnologiyalar asosida MUXMWSHM]SXRMRK ZE IPIOXVSR XSZEV ZE \M^QEXPEV IOWOP]Y^MZ XEZWMJPSZGLM VEUEQPM MUXMWSHM]SX birinchi yondashuv “klassik” deb nomlanib, klassik misollar teletibbiyot, masofaviy ta’lim, HSVMHEVQSRPEVRM WSXMWL JMPQPEV XIPIZM^SVPEV OMXSFPEV ZE FSWLUEPEV -OOMRGLM ]SRHEWLYZ “raqamli iqtisod” ilg‘or raqamli texnologiyalardan foydalangan holda iqtisodiy ishlab GLMUEVMWLHMV 6IWTYFPMOEQM^ 4VI^MHIRXM 7L11MV^M]SIZ ta’kidlaganlaridek, “Innovatsiya” FY OIPENEO HIKERM &M^ FY]YO OIPENEKMQM^RM FEVTS IXMWLRM FYKYRHER FSWLPE]HMKER bo‘lsak, uni aynan innovatsion g‘oyalar, innovatsion yondashuv asosida FSWLPEWLMQM^ kerak”. 6EUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEV REJEUEX QELWYPSX ZE \M^QEXPEV WMJEXMRM SWLMVEHM FEPOM SVXMUGLE \EVENEXPEVRM OEQE]XMVEHM 5SPEZIVWE FY OSVVYTWM]EKE UEVWLM WEQEVEPM ZSWMXEHMV &YRM FEVGLEQM^ XIVER ERKPEF SPMWLMQM^ HEVOSV(EZPEX FSWLUEVYZM ZE MNXMQSM] WSLEHE LEQ VEUEQPM XI\RSPSKM]EPEVRM 139

Menejment va zamonaviy texnologiyalar universiteti 2023-yil 14-dekabr OIRKNSVM]IXMFnatijadorlikni oshirish, bir so‘z bilan aytganda odamlar turmushini yaxshilash HIQEOHMV?A 8ELPMP ZE REXMNEPEV &M^KE WMV IQEW LS^MVKM OYRHE IRK UMQQEXPM REVWE FY ZEUX maqoladan ko‘zlangan maqsad onlayn tizimni joriy etish, insonlarga o‘ziga bog‘langan hisob VEUEQ ]EVEXMWL YRHER WSPMU QENFYVM]EXPEVM SRPE]R XEV^HE LMWSFPEF SPMREHM ZE UERHE] maqsadda oson va sodda shaklda ko‘rsatiladi va to‘lovchi uchun maʼlum miqdorda rag‘bat WMJEXMHE OIWLFIOQMNS^PEVRM NEPF UMPMWL ZE WEHSUEXMRM SWLMVMWLKE UEVEXMPKER QE\WYW FSRYW dasturlarining bir turi bo‘lib, asosan internetsavdolari, bank mahsulotlarida va o‘yin biznesida qo‘llanadi beriladi. Bizning maqsadimiz har bir fuqaro o‘zi ixtiyoriy tarzda soliq to‘lovlarini EQEPKE SWLMVMWLM ZE WSPMU WXEZOEWMRM TEWE]XMVMWLM YGLYR \M^QEX UMPMWLM QMWSP XEVMUEWMHE EKEVHE ]YOPEQE 000 so‘m bo‘lsa uni 4fuqaro to‘lasa yokim 10000 so‘mni 10JYUEVS bajarsa) shunda barcha fuqaro to‘lovdan qochish hamda xufiyona yo‘llarni izlash o‘rniga soliq foizini pasaytirish yo‘llarini izlagan bo‘lar edi. Shu bilan birga iqtisodiy taraflama samarali qog‘ozbozlikdan elektron tizimga o‘tish ma’lumotlar yo‘qolishi (agar ma’lumotlar bitta maxsus bazada saqlansa yong‘in chiqishi, suv toshqini, kabi favqulodda vaziyatlarda ularni yo‘qolish ehtimoli kamaytdi), hajmi ortib ko‘p joy egallashi (misol tariqasida katta kompaniyalar yiliga minglab tonna qog‘oz sarflashadi va bu miqdorning qarib atigi 20% qayta MWLPERMWLMQYQOMR MUE]XEMWLPERKERHELEQOEXXEZEUXZE\EVENEXXEPEFIXMPEHM LEQHE ma’lumotlar oson topilish imkonini beradi, (ya’ni qidirilayotgan ma’lumotni qog‘oz ichidan E\XEVMWLIQEWFEPOMUMHMVYZXM^MQMKEQYVSNEEXIXMPEHM Yangi tizim yordamida qo‘shimcha qiymat solig‘i (QQS) to‘lov zanjirlarining monitoringi deyarli real vaqt rejimida joriy etiladi. Tizim soliq to‘lovchiOSRXVEKIRX ^ERNMVPEVMHEKM bo‘shliqlarni aniqlash imkonini berdi, to‘lov evaziga foydalanish sxemalari iqtisodiy jihatdan samarasiz bo‘lib qoldi, QQS to‘lovlari osha boshladi. Bundan tashqari, tadbirkorlik subyektlari SRPE]Rkassa apparatlariga o‘tishi bilan to‘lov miqdori, tovarlar (xizmatlar) miqdori va nomi, QQS va qonun hujjatlarida belgilangan boshqa maʼlumotlar to‘g‘ridanto‘g‘ri, Davlat soliq qo‘mitasining maʼlumotlarni qayta ishlash markaziga (maʼlumotlar markaziga) o‘tkazila boshlandi va bu biznesning shaffofligini taʼminladi, tadbirkorlar va soliq organlari o‘rtasida MWLSRGL QYLMXMRM ]EVEXHM GLYROM E\FSVSXRM XI^OSV SPMWL ZE YPEVRM EZXSQEXPEWLXMVMPKER XELPMP qilish qo‘shimcha tekshirishlarni talab qilmaydi soliq organlarining maʼlumotlar markazini modernizatsiya qilish loyihasi iqtisodiyotning “soya” va “xufiyona” sektorini qisqartirish, iqtisodiyotning shaffofligini oshirish, teng raqobat sharoitlarini yaratish bilan bog‘liq katta umidlarga ega edi. Soliq to‘lovchilar uchun bu “aqlli” portallar va individual faol xizmatlarni yaratish, yanada qulay ish sharoitlari va minimal maʼmuriy yukni kasb etadi [6]. 6EUEQPEWLXMVMWL ZE OMFIV\EZJWM^PMO XYWLYRGLEPEVM HSMQS ]SRQE]SR OIPEHM 'LYROM FEVGLE XM^MQ ZE NEVE]SRPEVRM VEUEQPEWLXMVMWL FMPER FMVKE YPEVRMRK XI\RMO NMLEXHER QYOEQQEP ZE bexato ishlashini, xavfsizligini taʼminlash muhim hisoblanadi. Yurtimizda raqamli iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirishga qanchalik eʼtibor qaratilayotgan boʼlsa, kiberxavfsizlikni taʼminlashga ham shuncha ahamiyat berilmoqda. Bunga yaqqol misol sifatida har yili Xalqaro elektraloqa ittifoqi tomonidan eʼlon qilinadigan kiberxavfsizlik boʼyicha mamlakatimizning Xalqaro global reytingda yuqori oʼrinlardan joy olishini koʼrsatish QYQOMR?A Bajarilgan ishlar ko‘lami onlayn tarzida har bir shaxs uchun ma’lum bo‘lishi fuqaroning masʼuliyatini yanada oshirishga sabab bo‘lishi mumkin. Albatta ushbu maqola yoki ilmiy PS]MLERMRKOEQGLMPMKM FSV XY^MPKERFE^ERM QYOEQQEP XEV^MHE LMQS]E XM^MQMRM ]EVEXMWL OIVEO biz takomillashtirish va to‘laqonli shakllantirishga harakat qilamiz fikr va taklifingizni kutib USPEQM^ <YPSWE(EVLEUMUEXLEVUE]WMWSLEKEUEVEWEOVEUEQPMXI\RSPSKM]EOMVMFFSVMFMRWSRPEV mushkulini osonlashtirmoqda endi biz shu texnologiyadan unumli foydalanib to‘g‘ri joriy eta 140